Machine to rivet bolt flange in hub shell



March 29, 1935. H. TORMYN EIAL 1,995,486

MACHINE TO RIVET BOLT FLANGE IN HUB SHELL Filed July 29, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet '1 3mm 5 Q Hat/22072 502777 27 3 March 26, 1935. H. TORMYN ETAL MACHINE TO RIVET BOLT FLANGE IN HUB SHELL 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 29, 1952 ZZJ/ March 26, '1935. I H. TORMYN ET AL 1, 5,

MACHINE TO RIVET BOL'I. FLANGE IN HUB SHELL Filed July 29, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Mar. 26, 1935 MACHINE TO mvn'r BOLT FLANGE IN SHELL,

Herman Tormyn and Frank F. Wiethofi, Detroit;

. Mich, assignors to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich, a corporation of Delaware a Application July 29,1932, Serial No. (525,996 4 Claims. (01. 78-49) This invention relates to the manufacture of wire wheels and has particular, reference to a machine or die to rivet the bolt flange in the hub shell. The machine of the present invention is 5 one of ten and in its operation follows the machine described and claimed in copending application Serial No. 625,995, filed July 29, 1932.

The product from the machine of thecopende ing application is transierred to the present mal chine wherein the rivets which have been applied to the rivet holes by hand are headed permanently to rivet the bolt flange in the hub shell. Generally, the die of the invention is applied to a conventional type of press. The die oomprises the lower die shoe and the upper top shoe. The punched hub shell and bolt flange are posie tioned on the die shoe and the top shoe caused to descend thereon which brings into operation the various moving parts to head the rivets placed through the bolt flange and hub shell.

On the drawings: Figure l is a side view of a press showing the invention applied thereto.

Figure 2is a side view of Figure 1, Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional detailed view through the dies showing the upper die descended on the lower die with the punch heads turning over or heading the rivets.

Figure 4 is a sectional view corresponding to Figure 3 but with the top shoe in raised position, Figure 5 is a bottom plan View of a portion of the top die shoe showing the spreader arm to operate the knock-out bolts.

Figure 6 is a plan view of the pivot ring for the bell crank levers which operate the plungers for the backing member s. Figures '7 to 14, inclusive, are perspective views of details of the invention, some of the views having parts broken away and sectioned better to illustrate the structure. Referring to the drawings, the numeral 2 indicates the machine or press of the invention as a whole. The press comprises the upright frame at the upper portion of which an electric motor 7 4 is mounted. The motor has the drivi pulley 6 which drives a belt 8 which in turn drives a flywheel 10 rigidly mounted on the axle 12 which extends across the frame of the machine and at the opposite side has a gear wheel (not shown) mounted thereon which meshes with and drives the large gear 1; rigidly mounted on the shaft 16 having a crank 18 intermediate its ends. The

HUB

dieshoe is indicated at 26 and a part thereoiis resiliently mounted by means of a hydro-pneue matic cushionv indicated as e whole-at ,2 T cushi n mpris s the cyli d 5 hav a s n lower plate 32,. Suitable pins 33 connect the ate abut at their lower ends against the plate 3% and at the upper ends against the bottom of the slider 58 (Figures 3 and 4) and constantly urge th slide hold upwa dly i the d e ho This structure gives a resilient or hydro-pnem matic mo nt n to thes der- Ahand e 0 o a nga l nk e stem 42 Q?- erates a suitable clutch (not shown) which causes the smallgear on the end of the shaft 12 to be enga ed with the shaft and to rotate the gear 14. After one operation of the P 11 01 a Suitable throw-out mechanism will throw the clutch out f n a ment Wi hthe sears mechan m is not shown but is conventional andwell known in the art. A suitable brake drum is shown at 44; having brake shoes lfi operated from a suitable linkage 48;

Theparts so far described are conventional and are well known in the art of presses. I

Referring to Figures 3 and 4 it will be seen that the bottom die-shoe 26 has the plungers 50 secured therein at 52 and slidably operating in die shoe 2 v The tops of the pressure pins 36 press against the bottom of a slider 58 having'the annular projection 60 at its lower portion. The slider 58- is retained in position by means of the retaining ring 62 having the inwardly extending annular projection-64 which cooperates with the projection 60 to limit the upward movement of the slider, as shown at the bottom part of Figure l.

ments by means of one or more guide rods 66 rigidly mounted in the die shoe 26 and slidable in openings in the slider 58. I f V The slider; is centrally recessed and inthe recessed portion there is received a slidable block 68 resiliently urged away from the slider 58 by means of the coil springs 70 inounted in the registering recesses in the slider 58 and block 68. One or more guide pins 72 permanently mounted in the slider 58 and slidable in the block 68 positively guide the block with reference to the slider. A retaining ring 74 having an incrank 18 has attached thereto the connecting rod wardly projecting flange 76 cooperating with a 20 which operates the crosshead 22 suitably atsimilar flange 78 on the blochfiii holds the block tachedto thetop shoe 24 of the die. The lower or onto the slider 58 and limits its, upward movetherein connected to a piston rod 30 secured to a 32 with a plate 34. Suitable pressure pins 36,

bearings 54 secured in the openings 56 in the top The slider 60 is positively guided inits movement. The position of the block 68 at the topmost portion of its movement is shown in Figure 4.

The top portion of the block 68 is shaped as indicated at to accommodate a similarly shaped portion 82 on the hub shell 84. The bolt flange in the hub shell is indicated at 86 and the bolt openings by which the bolt flange is applied to the brake drum or wheel flange on the vehicle are indicated at 88. Suitable recesses 90 are provided in the block 68, preferably two in n number, and at diametrically opposite points. Coil springs 92 are retained in each housing by. means of the plug 94 and headed locator studs 96 are resiliently pressed outwardly from the top face of the block 60 by means of the springs 92. The locator studs or pins 96 are positioned so that they are received in one of the bolt flange openings 88 and definitely position" the hub shell 84 and the bolt flange 86 with reference to the punches for turning over or heading the rivets 98. 1 u

The lower die shoe 26 has a central recess 100 and a bore 102 at the bottom of the recess. The bore is for the purpose of receiving the head of a. machine bolt 104 which secures the shank of a cam bolt 106 in position. The cam bolt rests in the recess 100 and extends through central openings 108 and 110 in the slider 58 and block 68, respectively, and projects well up over the top of the block 68 in its-downwardmost position, as shown in Figure 3. The top of the cam bolt 106 is formed into eight cam surfaces 112. The purpose of these cam surfaces will later be described. A pin 114 extending through an opening in the bottom of the die shoe 26 fits in a recess 116 in the bottom of the cam bolt 106 deflnitely to position the cam facesw112.

A striker ring 118 is secured by machine screws on the top at the outer edge of the slider block '58. The purpose of this striker ring will later be described. 7

The top shoe or die has the slide holder 120 rigidly secured thereto by means of machine bolts 121. The slide holder 120 is best shown in the perspective view in Figure 11, and is provided at its bottom with a plurality of T-shaped slots 122, the number of the slots depending upon the number of rivets it is necessary to rivet over,- eight in the present instance. Each T- slot is inclined as is best shown in Figures 3 and 4 so that the sliders 124 shown in perspective in Figure 14 will slide toward the heads of the rivets 98 in an inclined and radial direction. Each punch holder 124 has the backing members 126 mounted in the end thereof and held in place by set screws 128. The end of the backing member adjacent the rivet head is somewhat indented, as is shown in Figure 3,; in order properly to receive the rivet head. Suitable passages 130 and 132 are provided in the sliders 124 for the purpose of knocking out the backing members 126. Each slider 124 is freely slidable in the T- slots 122 of the block and by referring to Figure '11, it will be noted that the interior portion of the slide holder 120 between the T-slots 122 is chamfered at 134 and136. This chamfering enables the slide holder 120 properly to fit on to the hub shell 84 rigidly to hold it in position.

Surrounding the slide holder 120 and spaced therefrom and secured to the top die 24 by means of the machine bolts 188 are the upper and lower pivot-forming rings and 142. The rings 140, 142 on the irmer surface form the rounded bearing portion 144 in'which there are received the rounded ends 148 of the eight arms 150 (shown in detail in Figure 8) of the eight toggles 152. The other arms 154 (shown in detail in Figure 10) are pivoted at one end to the arm 150 by means of the pivot pin 156 and its other end pivoted to the punch holders 124 by means of the pivot pin 158. When the toggles 152 are moved to the position of Figure 3, there is no pressure on the pin 158, the force being transmitted through the finished end of the link 154 where it bears on the slider 124. The pin is used when the toggle returns to the position shown in Figure 4. The position of the toggles 152 when the top die is raised is shown in Figure 4.

, Slidably surrounding the slide holder 120 is the breaker ring 160 which breaks or forces the toggle 152 to the position shown in Figure 4 when the top shoe or die 24 is raised. The ring has a plurality of recesses 162 at its upper surface which register with openings 164 (Figure 11) in a flange 166 on the slide holder 120. Coil springs 168 are m0unted in the recesses and the upper ends of thesprings abut against the top die 24. The springs constantly urge the breaker ring 160 downward towards the position shown in Figure 4. I l v I In addition to the springs 168, the knock-out pins 1'70 are provided. Four of these pins are used and are positioned 90- apart (Figure 5). They strike against a spider 1'72 mounted in a cross-shaped recess 174 in the underside of the top die 24. The spider 172 is slidable or freely mounted in the recess 1'74 and has a plunger 176 in contact with the midportion thereof. The plunger extends upwardly through a central passage 178 in the connection between the crosshead and the top shoe 24 and has a T-head shown at 180 in Figures 1 and 2. When the top shoe rises the T-head 180 (which is shown in its uppermost position in dotted lines in Figure 2) will strike an adjustable pin 182 to push the T- head downwardly, which will force the plunger 1'76 downward, to force the spider 172, knockout bolts and breaker ring 160 also in a downward direction. This mechanism is of particular use in case the toggle 152 should be thrown over-center from its position shown in Figure 4 or in any cases where the springs 168 would not force the breaker ring 160 downward. Parts 170, 172, 176, 178, and 182 always form a positive means for returning the toggle to the position shown in Figure 4, to retract the sliders 124.

The slide holder 120 is round, is bored or has a hollow center and there is mounted therein a guiding block 184 shown in detail in Figure 12. The guide block 184 has a considerably smaller diameter than the internal diameter of the bore of the slider 120 and a retaining ring 186 having a shoulder 188 cooperating with'a flange 190 on the guide block 184 holds the guide block in place. Suitable machine screws 192 (Figure 3) fasten the ring 186 to the top shoe 24.

The guide block 184 is round and is formed with eight tines 194 of segmental form which extend a considerable distance downwardly from the base 196 of the block. The eight spaces 198 between the tines 194 serve as guides for hardened rivet heading elements 200 shown in perspective in Figure 13. At the bottoms 202 of the spaces 198 between the tines there is mounted the pivot blocks 204 shown in perspective in Figure 7. Each pivot block has a flange 206 extending inwardly therefrom and a ring plate 208 extends under all of the flanges 206 and holds them at the bottoms 202 of the spaces 198. A machine bolt 210 passes through the plate 208 and isv screwthreaded into the opening 212 in the base 196 rigidly to hold the plate in position. The outer surface or edge portion 214 of the pivot blocks 204 strikes against the inner periphery of. the retaining ring 186. By referring to Figures 3 and 4 it will be noted that between the inner periphery of the retaining ring 186 and each pivot block 204, a rounded .pivot bearing 216 is. formed. 1 In these bearing portions 216 there are received the rounded bearing ends 218 of the heading members 200 (Figure 13),. Each heading member 200 has a projection 220 thereon immediately adjacent the rounded bearing portion 218 and which strikes against the pivot blocks 204 to limit the inward movement of the heading members 200.

The heading members 200 extend downwardly in the spaces 198 between the tines 194 and have their bottom portions 222 projecting below the ends of the tines 194. The outermost portions 224 of the end 222 is formed with a small indentation 226 to form the head on the end of the rivet 98. The slide holder is provided with a plurality of passages 230 corresponding in number to the number of the heading members 200. In each passage 230 there is slidably mounted a plunger 232 the inner end of which strikes against the heading member 200 at the surface indicated at 234. The plungers extend outwardly of the slide holder 120 their ends terminating at an annular recess 236 formed in the top shoe 24. A pivot ring 238 (shown in detail in Figure 6) is mounted in the top shoe 24 and held in place by the flange 166 of the slide holder 120. The ring 238 has eight pairs of ears 240 extending into the recess 236 and between each pair of ears 240 there' is pivoted the bell crank lever 242 shown in detail in Figure 9. The lower arm 244 of the bell crank 242 is formed as indicated at 246 and the tines of the fork extend into recesses 248 formed on opposite sides of the end of the plungers 232. The other arm 250 of the bell crank 242 has an .upwardly projecting rib 252 which strikes against a ring 254 slidably mounted in the recess 236. The ring254 has a plurality of recesses in its top surface which mate with recesses 256 in the top shoe 24 and coil springs 258 mounted in the recesses constantly urge the ring 254 and arm 250 of the bell crank 242 in a downward direction. This movement will urge the lower arms 244 of the bell cranks inwardly of the top die shoe and constantly press the plungers 232 inwardly against the heading members 200. This movement will constantly urge the heading members 200 to be held in the position shown in Figure 4.

Referring to Figure 12 one of the tines 194 has a key-way 260 which mates with a corresponding key-way in the retaining ring 186 and a key (not shown) fits into the key-ways in order defi-' nitely to position the retaining ring 186 and the guide block 184 and to restrain them from relative rotation.

Similarly, the slide holder 120 has a key-Way or groove 261 for the reception of an end of a pin which passes through an opening in the knockout ring and definitely guides the ring with reference to the slide holder 120.

The pivot ring 238 has an opening 262 for the reception of a pin which passes upward into the top die 24 to prevent the ring from turning relative to the top die 24 and to position the ring.

The slide holder 120 has a dowel opening 264 (Figure 11) for the reception of a dowel pin to position the holder so that the retaining machine bolts, 122 may be properly applied to their threaded'openings.

The operation of the device is-asfollows and. willbe understood by an examination of Fig- .ures- 3 and 4. Figure 14' shows the position of the dies before the'top diehas descended. The

shell 84 and bolt flange 86 will be positioned as shown in Figure,4,.the studs 96 accurately posifaces-134 and 136; of the slide holder into contact with the correspondingly shaped surfaces on the wheel hub as'shown in Figure 3. This will push the block 68 downward against the .tension of the pneumatic portion of the hydropneumatic cushion and force the bolt flange 86 back into the hub shell. (It is sometimes found that the bolt flange 86 has crept out of the hub shell a short distance.) This downward movement will continue until the block strikes the bottom of its recess, when the full force of resistance of the hydro-pneumatic cushion will be operative. The heading members 200 will have entered the opening in the end of the hub and are now positioned well down in the hub. The surfaces 228 on the heading members will strike the cam surfaces 112 on the cam bolt 106 and cause the heading members to spread so that the face 224 and the rivet indentation 226 will strike against and head over the end of the rivet 98. The downward movement of the head will have brought into contact the pivotal joint 156 of the toggle 152 with the striker ring 118 to cause the toggle to straighten from the position of Figure 4 to that of Figure 3. When the backing punch 126 strikes the head of the rivet it will form a rigid backing while the backing members 200 will be turning over the ends of the rivets 98 at the inside of the hub.

The backing members 200 are in firm engagement with the rivets before the heading members strike the unriveted ends of the rivets. The continued downward movement of the top memher will force the slider 58 downward to force the pressure pins 36 downward against the tension of the springs 70 or to the position shown in Figure 3. On the return or upward movement of the top shoe, the pressure pins 36 will force the slide 58 upward and as the top die 34 further rises the springs'lO will force the block 68 upward. The heading members will leave the cam faces 112 and allow the plungers'232 to press the heading members 200 inwardly to pull them away from the inwardly directed flange at the smaller portion of the hub. These plungers 232 are forced inwardly the springs 258 operating the bell crank levers 242. When the top die 24 is moving upward the springs 168 will push on the knock-out ring 160 .to break the toggle from the position shown in Figure 3 to that shown in Figure 4. If for any reason the springs 168 are insufficient to break the toggle, the knockout bolts 170 will be brought into action by the spider 1'72 and the connecting parts up to the set screw 182. This will return the parts to the position shown in Figure 4 when the operator may remove the riveted shell 84 and hub flange 86-and place on the machine a new shell and hub flange with a new set of rivets to be headed.

We claim:

1. In a riveting machine for acting upon a a second shoe movable relative to said die shoe, a V

including means to return the other set of said set of tool-holding members on said secondshoe movable to and from said hub shell, a set of backing members on said second shoe movable to and from said hub shell'to back said shell against the action of the tools, and means operative incident to the movement of said second shoe to 'cause the tool-holding members and backing members to operate, the means operating one of said sets comprising a toggle pivoted on said second shoe, aspring-urged member bearing on the toggle surface near the central pivot of said toggle normally to hold the toggle links out of alinement, and an annular member on said die'shoe in alinement with the toggle central pivot adapted to engage the toggle links near the toggle central pivot to straighten the toggle links when the two'shoes come together;

2'. Arivet'ing machine according to claim 1,

I 3. A riveting machine according to claim 1,

in which the first-mentioned means is reciprocable relative to and mounted on said die shoe. 4. A riveting machine according to claim 1, said first-mentioned means being reciprocable relative to and mounted on said die shoe, resilient means to Urge said first-mentioned means toward the limit of reciprocation, said first-mentioned means at its limit of reciprocation being spaced from said dieshoe. i

HERMAN TORMYN. FRANK F. WIETHOFF. 

